Passive and Iontophoretic Delivery of Three Diclofenac Salts across Various Skin Types.

In vivo determination of the diclofenac skin reservoir: comparison between passive, occlusive, and iontophoretic application

AIM There is scarce information concerning the pharmacodynamic behavior of topical substances used in the physiotherapy setting. The aim of the present study was to estimate the formation and emptying of the diclofenac (DF) skin reservoir after passive, semiocclusive, and electrically assisted applications of DF. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Five different groups of healthy volunteers (ntotal=60, 23 ...

Subcutaneous concentrations following topical iontophoretic delivery of diclofenac.

A self-contained Wearable Electronic Disposable Drug Delivery (WEDD(®)) patch was used to demonstrate that diclofenac levels delivered by iontophoresis are greater than estimated minimal effective concentrations in local subcutaneous tissue and are also greater than either passive transdermal or intravenous delivery using hairless rats. In vitro iontophoretic delivery was evaluated to optimize ...

In vivo Passive and Iontophoretic Delivery of Lisinopril Using Wistar Rat Model

In-vivo studies using animal model were carried out to investigate the pharmacokinetic profile of passive and iontophoretically delivered lisinopril. Serum concentration versus time profiles from intravenous (IV), oral and iontophoretic routes were analyzed using non-compartmental analysis using TOPFIT ver. 2.0. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC0–inf, terminal elimination rate constant (λz...

Iontophoretic delivery of lignocaine and epinephrine.

1. Pudukadan D, Thappa DM. Adverse cutaneous drug reactions: Clinical patterns and causative agents in a tertiary care center in South India. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2004;70:20– 4. 2. Shear NH, Knowles SR, Sullivan JR, Shapiro L. Cutaneous reactions to drugs. In: Freedberg IM, Eisen AZ, Wolff K, Austen KF, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, et al, editors. Fitzpatrick‘s Dermatology in general med...

Topical Iontophoretic Co-delivery of Curcumin and STAT3 siRNA Using Liposomes to Treat Skin Cancer